Научный журнал

Article presents the results of agrochemical and phytosanitary examination of 20 summer fallow lands in the southeastern natural and economic zone of the Orel region. It has been proved that, in the fields removed from the agricultural cycle, the content of humus in the soil was reduced by 0.9% on the average, the contents of available phosphorus and exchange potassium by 47.7 and 41.3%, respectively, but the soil acidity increased from 5.4 to 5.1 units. The fields rapidly overgrown with weeds are inhabited by different insect species and are affected with diseases. Perennial weed species (about 93%) dominate among the plants. They include false wheat (an overage of 41%) and meadow pine (an overage of 10%), and among insects - phytophagans (about 67%): cicadas (up to 5 species), different species of phytophagous bugs (up to 10 species), acridoids and grasshoppers (up to 5 species). Among hazardous diseases, the following diseases are detected: oak powdery mildew, anthracnose, and different kinds of rubigo, septoria spot, helminthosporiosis. Quarantine weeds are not detected, but solitary poisonous plants (hogweed) are found (0.01 plants/m² on the average) in separate fields.